1.
Kazemi, Hossein; Osahon, Isaac N. O.; Jiao, Tiankuo; Butler, David; Ledentsov, Nikolay; Titkov, Ilya; Haas, Harald
Real-Time Transmission of Uncompressed High-Definition Video Via A VCSEL-Based Optical Wireless Link With Ultra-Low Latency Miscellaneous
2025.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: electronic engineering, FOS: Electrical engineering, information engineering, LRDC, Signal Processing (eess.SP)
@misc{kazemi_real-time_2025,
title = {Real-Time Transmission of Uncompressed High-Definition Video Via A VCSEL-Based Optical Wireless Link With Ultra-Low Latency},
author = {Hossein Kazemi and Isaac N. O. Osahon and Tiankuo Jiao and David Butler and Nikolay Ledentsov and Ilya Titkov and Harald Haas},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.23746},
doi = {10.48550/ARXIV.2507.23746},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
urldate = {2026-02-03},
publisher = {arXiv},
abstract = {Real-time transmission of high-resolution video signals in an uncompressed and unencrypted format requires an ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) medium with high bandwidth to maintain the quality of experience (QoE) for users. We put forward the design and experimental demonstration of a high-performance laser-based optical wireless communication (OWC) system that enables high-definition (HD) video transmission with submillisecond latencies. The serial digital interface (SDI) output of a camera is used to transmit the live video stream over an optical wireless link by directly modulating the SDI signal on the intensity of a 940 nm vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). The proposed SDI over light fidelity (LiFi) system corroborates error-free transmission of full HD (FHD) and 4K ultra-high-definition (UHD) resolutions at data rates of 2.97 Gb/s and 5.94 Gb/s, respectively, with a measured end-to-end latency of under 35 ns. Since SDI standards support various video formats and VCSELs are high-bandwidth and low-power devices, this presents a scalable and inexpensive solution for wireless connectivity between professional broadcast equipment using off-the-shelf SDI components.},
keywords = {electronic engineering, FOS: Electrical engineering, information engineering, LRDC, Signal Processing (eess.SP)},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {misc}
}
Real-time transmission of high-resolution video signals in an uncompressed and unencrypted format requires an ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) medium with high bandwidth to maintain the quality of experience (QoE) for users. We put forward the design and experimental demonstration of a high-performance laser-based optical wireless communication (OWC) system that enables high-definition (HD) video transmission with submillisecond latencies. The serial digital interface (SDI) output of a camera is used to transmit the live video stream over an optical wireless link by directly modulating the SDI signal on the intensity of a 940 nm vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). The proposed SDI over light fidelity (LiFi) system corroborates error-free transmission of full HD (FHD) and 4K ultra-high-definition (UHD) resolutions at data rates of 2.97 Gb/s and 5.94 Gb/s, respectively, with a measured end-to-end latency of under 35 ns. Since SDI standards support various video formats and VCSELs are high-bandwidth and low-power devices, this presents a scalable and inexpensive solution for wireless connectivity between professional broadcast equipment using off-the-shelf SDI components.
2.
Younus, Othman; Majlesein, Behnaz; Nacke, Richard; Osahon, Isaac N. O.; Pellegrino, Carmine; Babadi, Sina; Tavakkolnia, Iman; Helmers, Henning; Haas, Harald
Multi-Segment Photonic Power Converters for Energy Harvesting and High-Speed Optical Wireless Communication Miscellaneous
2025.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: electronic engineering, FOS: Electrical engineering, information engineering, LRDC, Signal Processing (eess.SP), Systems and Control (eess.SY)
@misc{younus_multi-segment_2025,
title = {Multi-Segment Photonic Power Converters for Energy Harvesting and High-Speed Optical Wireless Communication},
author = {Othman Younus and Behnaz Majlesein and Richard Nacke and Isaac N. O. Osahon and Carmine Pellegrino and Sina Babadi and Iman Tavakkolnia and Henning Helmers and Harald Haas},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06205},
doi = {10.48550/ARXIV.2510.06205},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
urldate = {2026-02-03},
publisher = {arXiv},
abstract = {The demand for energy-efficient high-speed wireless communication, coupled with the rapid rise of IoT devices, requires systems that integrate power harvesting with optical data reception to eliminate the need for charging or battery replacements. Recent advances have explored the use of solar cells as optical receivers for high-speed data detection alongside power harvesting. textbackslashacsGaAs-based textbackslashacpPPC provide six times greater electron mobility than silicon- or cadmium telluride-based cells, enabling faster data detection and improved power efficiency. However, their bandwidth is constrained by junction capacitance, which increases with active area, creating a trade-off between power output and data rate. To address this, we propose and test multi-segment textbackslashacsGaAs-based textbackslashAcpPPC that serve as both energy harvesters and data detectors. By segmenting the active area into 2, 4, or 6 subcells, forming circular areas with diameters of 1, 1.5, or 2.08textasciitildemm, we reduce capacitance and boost bandwidth while preserving light collection. Fabricated on a semi-insulating textbackslashacGaAs substrate with etched trenches for electrical isolation, the series-connected subcells optimize absorption and minimize parasitic effects. The textbackslashAcpPPC were used for an eye-safe 1.5textasciitildem optical wireless link, employing textbackslashacOFDM with adaptive bit and power loading. The system achieved a world record data rate of 3.8textasciitildeGbps, which is four times higher than prior works. The system converts 39.7textbackslash% of optical power from a beam of 2.3textasciitildemW, although the segmentation increases the sensitivity of the alignment. These findings provide new solutions for off-grid backhaul for future communication networks, such as 6th generation (6G) cellular.},
keywords = {electronic engineering, FOS: Electrical engineering, information engineering, LRDC, Signal Processing (eess.SP), Systems and Control (eess.SY)},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {misc}
}
The demand for energy-efficient high-speed wireless communication, coupled with the rapid rise of IoT devices, requires systems that integrate power harvesting with optical data reception to eliminate the need for charging or battery replacements. Recent advances have explored the use of solar cells as optical receivers for high-speed data detection alongside power harvesting. textbackslashacsGaAs-based textbackslashacpPPC provide six times greater electron mobility than silicon- or cadmium telluride-based cells, enabling faster data detection and improved power efficiency. However, their bandwidth is constrained by junction capacitance, which increases with active area, creating a trade-off between power output and data rate. To address this, we propose and test multi-segment textbackslashacsGaAs-based textbackslashAcpPPC that serve as both energy harvesters and data detectors. By segmenting the active area into 2, 4, or 6 subcells, forming circular areas with diameters of 1, 1.5, or 2.08textasciitildemm, we reduce capacitance and boost bandwidth while preserving light collection. Fabricated on a semi-insulating textbackslashacGaAs substrate with etched trenches for electrical isolation, the series-connected subcells optimize absorption and minimize parasitic effects. The textbackslashAcpPPC were used for an eye-safe 1.5textasciitildem optical wireless link, employing textbackslashacOFDM with adaptive bit and power loading. The system achieved a world record data rate of 3.8textasciitildeGbps, which is four times higher than prior works. The system converts 39.7textbackslash% of optical power from a beam of 2.3textasciitildemW, although the segmentation increases the sensitivity of the alignment. These findings provide new solutions for off-grid backhaul for future communication networks, such as 6th generation (6G) cellular.
3.
Liu, Mingqing; Kazemi, Hossein; Safari, Majid; Tavakkolnia, Iman; Haas, Harald
A Comprehensive Comparison between Terahertz and Optical Wireless Communications Miscellaneous
2025.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: electronic engineering, FOS: Electrical engineering, information engineering, LRDC, Signal Processing (eess.SP)
@misc{liu_comprehensive_2025,
title = {A Comprehensive Comparison between Terahertz and Optical Wireless Communications},
author = {Mingqing Liu and Hossein Kazemi and Majid Safari and Iman Tavakkolnia and Harald Haas},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.23010},
doi = {10.48550/ARXIV.2503.23010},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
urldate = {2026-02-03},
publisher = {arXiv},
abstract = {This paper presents a comprehensive quantitative comparison between Terahertz (THz) communication (TeraCom) and optical wireless communication (OWC) technologies, focusing on both indoor and outdoor environments. We propose a comparison method for TeraCom and vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL)-based OWC in indoor scenarios, incorporating misalignment effects by modeling the THz antenna radiation pattern within a multi-ray THz channel model and using a Gaussian beam model for VCSEL-based OWC. Unified beamwidth parameters allow for a detailed analysis of misalignment impact on both systems. Furthermore, we develop power consumption models for each technology, integrating key parameters such as THz phase noise, VCSEL non-linearities, and photodetector bandwidth-area tradeoffs. These models enable an in-depth analysis of energy efficiency in indoor environments, including multi-transmitter coverage scenarios. For outdoor scenarios, we summarize existing stochastic channel models addressing path loss, pointing errors, and small-scale fading for free space optics (FSO) and THz links. We then apply these models to unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) applications to assess performance in dynamic conditions. Our results provide critical insights into the suitability of each technology for various deployment scenarios.},
keywords = {electronic engineering, FOS: Electrical engineering, information engineering, LRDC, Signal Processing (eess.SP)},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {misc}
}
This paper presents a comprehensive quantitative comparison between Terahertz (THz) communication (TeraCom) and optical wireless communication (OWC) technologies, focusing on both indoor and outdoor environments. We propose a comparison method for TeraCom and vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL)-based OWC in indoor scenarios, incorporating misalignment effects by modeling the THz antenna radiation pattern within a multi-ray THz channel model and using a Gaussian beam model for VCSEL-based OWC. Unified beamwidth parameters allow for a detailed analysis of misalignment impact on both systems. Furthermore, we develop power consumption models for each technology, integrating key parameters such as THz phase noise, VCSEL non-linearities, and photodetector bandwidth-area tradeoffs. These models enable an in-depth analysis of energy efficiency in indoor environments, including multi-transmitter coverage scenarios. For outdoor scenarios, we summarize existing stochastic channel models addressing path loss, pointing errors, and small-scale fading for free space optics (FSO) and THz links. We then apply these models to unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) applications to assess performance in dynamic conditions. Our results provide critical insights into the suitability of each technology for various deployment scenarios.
4.
Dabiri, Mohammad Taghi; Safi, Hossein; Ammuri, Rula; Hasna, Mazen; Qaraqe, Khalid; Haas, Harald; Tavakkolnia, Iman
MRR-Based Line-Laser Scanning for Reliable Vehicular Positioning and Optical Communication Miscellaneous
2025.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: electronic engineering, FOS: Electrical engineering, information engineering, LRDC, Signal Processing (eess.SP)
@misc{dabiri_mrr-based_2025,
title = {MRR-Based Line-Laser Scanning for Reliable Vehicular Positioning and Optical Communication},
author = {Mohammad Taghi Dabiri and Hossein Safi and Rula Ammuri and Mazen Hasna and Khalid Qaraqe and Harald Haas and Iman Tavakkolnia},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.12186},
doi = {10.48550/ARXIV.2512.12186},
year = {2025},
date = {2025-01-01},
urldate = {2026-06-03},
publisher = {arXiv},
abstract = {High-speed vehicular environments require optical systems capable of joint sensing, positioning, and communication (JSPC) without mechanical tracking. Existing optical and integrated sensing-communication approaches often rely on point-source emitters or camera-based receivers, limiting spatial coverage and update rate under highway dynamics. This work introduces a new class of tracking-free optical JSPC systems that combine structured line-laser illumination with modulating retroreflector (MRR) arrays on vehicles. Two orthogonal line lasers perform synchronized longitudinal and transverse scanning to provide continuous, wide-area coverage across the roadway. A coverage-driven analytical framework models the coupling between beam divergence, scan geometry, and dwell-time allocation, enabling joint evaluation of sensing reliability and communication quality. An optimization scheme is developed to adapt scanning and divergence parameters for uniform coverage and power efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate significant improvements in spatial coverage uniformity, link stability, and reliability within a fixed scan period. These results establish a practical pathway toward scalable, turbulence-resilient optical architectures for next-generation vehicular JSPC networks.},
keywords = {electronic engineering, FOS: Electrical engineering, information engineering, LRDC, Signal Processing (eess.SP)},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {misc}
}
High-speed vehicular environments require optical systems capable of joint sensing, positioning, and communication (JSPC) without mechanical tracking. Existing optical and integrated sensing-communication approaches often rely on point-source emitters or camera-based receivers, limiting spatial coverage and update rate under highway dynamics. This work introduces a new class of tracking-free optical JSPC systems that combine structured line-laser illumination with modulating retroreflector (MRR) arrays on vehicles. Two orthogonal line lasers perform synchronized longitudinal and transverse scanning to provide continuous, wide-area coverage across the roadway. A coverage-driven analytical framework models the coupling between beam divergence, scan geometry, and dwell-time allocation, enabling joint evaluation of sensing reliability and communication quality. An optimization scheme is developed to adapt scanning and divergence parameters for uniform coverage and power efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate significant improvements in spatial coverage uniformity, link stability, and reliability within a fixed scan period. These results establish a practical pathway toward scalable, turbulence-resilient optical architectures for next-generation vehicular JSPC networks.